Optical Screening of Glycation Induced Structural Alterations in Serum Proteins of Diabetes Patients Using Spectroscopic Techniques

Alok Raghava, Sidra Islam,Brijesh Kumar Mishra , Rinkesh Kumar Gupta, Sumit

Non enzymatic glycation furiously give rise to its final product advanced glycation end products that contribute to various diabetes associated vascular complication in patients. The aim of this present research was to study the application of basic, fluorometric and spectroscopic techniques for determining glycation in serum of patients with diabetes mellitus. Blood samples from 50 type 2 diabetic patients and 20 healthy subjects were obtained to evaluate fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, fluorescent advanced glycation end products by spectrophotofluorimetry, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, fructosamine content and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Healthy subjects have significantly lower levels of serum advanced glycation end products specific fluorescence, and Ultraviolet absorption.  Attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows the alterations in secondary structure of serum proteins in diabetic subjects due to occurrence of glycation. Fasting plasma glucose level, HbA1c and lipid profile are found to be altered in patients with diabetes compared to healthy. Positive correlation was found in fructosamine and HbA1c among diabetes patients. A basic approach of fluorimetric and spectroscopic analysis to quantify AGEs in serum of diabetic subjects could be employed as broadcast tools to forecast diabetic complications, at a primary care stage.